| 摘 要: 摘要:目的 了解某铅锌冶炼污染区儿童血铅水平及血铁、锌、钙、铜、镁金属元素水平。方法 采用单纯随机抽样和整群抽样结合的方法分别抽取暴露区和对照区儿童374名和228名，采集儿童血液样品，使用ICP-MS进行血铅、锌、钙、铜、镁检测，原子吸收分光光度计进行血铁检测。结果 暴露区和对照区儿童血铅、铁、锌、铜4种金属元素中位数分别为178.67μg/L、412.60 mg/L、5.30mg/L、0.87 mg/L 和67.38μg/L、380.40 mg/L、5.08mg/L、0.78 mg/L；暴露区儿童血铅、铁、锌、铜水平高于对照区（P<0.05），血钙水平略低于对照区（分别为53.47 mg/L和52.88mg/L，P<0.05）；血镁水平之间的差异无统计学意义（分别为37.27 mg/L 和37.49 mg/L，P>0.05）；暴露区和对照区儿童血铅超标率（≥100μg/L）分别为94.12%（352/374）和10.96%（25/228），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。按年龄和性别分层，暴露区儿童血铅、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁元素水平并不低于对照区。对照区中，3～7岁儿童血铅水平略高于8～14岁儿童，但男、女童血铅水平差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；暴露区中，男童血铅水平高于女童，8～14岁儿童血铅水平略高于3～7岁儿童组。结论 铅锌冶炼污染可导致周边儿童血铅水平显著升高，但儿童在高血铅水平状态下，血液铁、锌、钙、铜、镁5种二价金属元素水平尚无明显下降。 |
| 关键词: 铅锌冶炼 儿童 血铅 金属元素 |
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中图分类号: R179
文献标识码:
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| 基金项目: 环保公益性行业科研专项（编号：201109064）；环保公益性行业科研专项（编号：2010467046） |
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| Survey on blood levels of lead and other five metals in children from a area polluted by lead-zinc smelting |
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He Qian, Sun Chengye, Meng Chongshen, Li Huiling, Zhou Bo, Zhang Hongshun
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National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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| Abstract: Abstract : Objective To understand the blood lead level and its relationships with the other five divalent metals ( such as iron, zinc, calcium, copper and magnesium) of children in the area polluted by lead/zinc smelting. Methods The simple random sampling and cluster sampling were used to select 374 and 228 children in polluted area and control area, respectively; then, the blood samples were collected and the blood levels of lead, zinc, calcium, copper, magnesium and iron were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS） and atomic absorption spectrometry, respectively. Results The results showed that the medians of blood lead、iron、zinc、copper and magnesium in polluted area were 178.67μg/L、412.60 mg/L、5.30mg/L、52.88mg/L and 0.87 mg/L, all higher than that of control area (67.38μg/L、380.40 mg/L、5.08mg/L、and 0.78 mg/L), except the blood calcium level in polluted area (52.88mg/L) was slightly lower than that in control(53.47mg/L) and the blood magnesium level, they were 37.27 mg/L and 37.49 mg/L (P>0.05); The over standard rate of blood lead level in polluted area (94.12%, 352/374) was significant higher than that of control area (10.96%,25/228），the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); and, the blood levels of iron, zinc, calcium, copper and magnesium of children in polluted area showed no any lower compared to those in control area when stratified by age and sex. But in control area, the children’s blood lead level of 3-7 years old children was higher than that of 8-14 years old children, despite of there was no difference between boys and girls; whereas, in polluted area, the blood lead level in boys was higher than that in girls, and the blood lead level in 8-14 years old children was higher than that in 3-7 years old children. Conclusion The results suggested that the pollution by lead/zinc smelting could result in significantly rise of children’s blood lead level, but the high blood lead status of children by pollution of lead/zinc smelting has not yet lead to decrease in blood levels of iron, zinc, calcium, copper and magnesium. |
| Keywords: lead-zinc smelting children blood lead metal elements |
