摘 要: 目的 探讨医用防护口罩的适合性与佩戴者头面部尺寸之间的关系,为医护人员筛选适合的防护口罩。方法 采用整群抽样方法在6家三级或三甲医院中选取678名接触呼吸道病毒中、高风险岗位的医护人员作为研究对象,每名研究对象根据脸型随机选择1~4种医用防护口罩佩戴后进行定量适合性检验,适合因子≥100为检验通过,每名研究对象至少选出一种适合口罩时终止检验。测量研究对象的22项头面部尺寸指标,分析口罩适合性与头面部尺寸之间的关系。结果 共进行适合性检验842人次,检验总通过率为78.3%(659/842),不同型号口罩的检验通过率为9.5%~90.8%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=162.077,P<0.05),检验总通过率和各型号口罩检验通过率均未见性别差异(P>0.05)。年龄、耳屏鼻根长、耳屏点间额弧长、两耳屏点间鼻下点弧长和形态面长是适合性的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 适合性与佩戴者的头面部特征有关,人群头面部尺寸信息可以作为设计口罩、提高适合性的数据基础。建议首次使用医用防护口罩之前应进行适合性检验,以保证防护的有效性,降低呼吸道病毒感染风险。 |
关键词: 适合性检验 头面部尺寸 医护人员 |
中图分类号: R168
文献标识码: A
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基金项目: 首都卫生发展科研专项——呼吸道病毒个体防护适合性和有效性研究(首发-2021-1G-4241) |
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Relationship between suitability of medical protective masks and size of head and face |
ZHANG Xue-yan,XU Qing,YANG Mi-mi,LIU Xiao-xu,JIA Ning,SUN Xin,WANG Zhong-xu
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National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China
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Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between the sitability of medical protective masks and the size of wearer's head and face, so as to screen suitable masks for medical staff. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 678 medical and nursing personnel in middle and high risk posts exposed to respiratory virus from 6 Grade Ⅲ or Grade Ⅲ A hospitals as the research objects. Each research object randomly selected 1—4 kinds of medical protective masks according to the face shape and then carried out quantitative suitability test after wearing them. If the fitness factor is no less than 100, the test was passes. When each research object selected at least one suitable mask, the test was terminated. Then, 22 head and face dimensions of the subjects were measured, and the relationship between mask suitability and head and face dimensions was analyzed. Results The results showed that 842 people in total were tested for suitability of masks with a totall pass rate (PR) was 78.3% (659/842), the PRs of four different types of masks were 9.5%—90.8%, with statistically differences (χ2=162.077, P<0.05). There was no gender differences in the total PR or the PRs of each type of respirators (P>0.05). Age, nasal root length of tragus, frontal arc length between tragus points, inferior nasal arc length between two tragus points and morphological plane length were the influencing factors of suitability (P<0.05). Conclusion The results suggested that the suitability is related to the head and face features of the wearer, and the size information of the head and face of the crowd can be used as the data basis for designing masks and improving the suitability, and the suitability tests should be carried out before the first use of medical protective masks to ensure effectiveness of protection and reduce the risk of respiratory virus infection. |
Keywords: suitability test head and face size medical staff |