摘 要: 目的 探讨高原隧道钢筋工弯腰作业过程中下背部肌肉的表面肌电信号(surface electromyography,sEMG)特征及其与时间负荷和弯腰次数的相关性。方法 选择高原某隧道4名男性钢筋作业人员,采用表面肌电仪实时采集其正常作业时左右竖脊肌群的sEMG,对其弯腰动作的时域指标均方根值(root mean square,RMS)和频域指标中位频率(mean frequency,MF)随负荷变化特征及其与时间和弯腰次数的相关性进行分析。结果 4名钢筋工左、右竖脊肌的RMS均随时间和弯腰次数增加而上升;左竖脊肌RMS与时间相关系数分别为0.663、0.717、0.771和0.478,除4号钢筋工外均具显著统计学意义(P<0.01);右竖脊肌RMS与时间相关系数分别为0.908、0.488、0.782和0.929,除2号钢筋工外均具显著统计学意义(P<0.01);左竖脊肌RMS与弯腰次数相关系数分别为0.754、0.743、0.788和0.529,除4号钢筋工外均具显著统计学意义(P<0.01);右竖脊肌RMS与弯腰次数相关系数分别为0.796、0.456、0.778和0.877,除2号钢筋工外均具显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。4名钢筋工左、右竖脊肌MF均随时间和弯腰次数增加而下降,左竖脊肌MF与时间相关系数分别为-0.522、-0.904、-0.806和-0.493,除4号钢筋工外均具显著统计学意义(P<0.01);右竖脊肌MF与时间相关系数分别为-0.577、-0.873、-0.524和-0.836,均具显著统计学意义(P<0.01);左竖脊肌MF与弯腰次数相关系数分别为-0.486、-0.819、-0.813和-0.414,除4号钢筋工外均具显著统计学意义(P<0.01);右竖脊肌MF与弯腰次数相关系数分别为-0.516、-0.856、-0.515和-0.801,且均具显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 隧道钢筋工在弯腰作业时,左、右竖脊肌时域指标RMS和频域指标MF的变化与时间负荷以及弯腰次数有关,sEMG可以作为评价现场作业人员局部肌肉疲劳的一种客观方法。 |
关键词: 隧道作业 弯腰作业 负荷 疲劳 表面肌电信号(sEMG) |
中图分类号: R68
文献标识码: A
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基金项目: “十四五”国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC2503205);中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(131031109000160004) |
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Characteristics of muscle load and surface electromyography of reinforcement workers in plateau tunnel |
ZHANG Mengying,JIA Ning,MO Shiwei,XU Qing,LIANG Zhiqiang,HU Xinyao,YUE Taixiang,LI Maomao,LI Chuhao,YUE Peng,DUAN Qingsong,ZHAO Wenyue,WANG Zhongxu
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National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China
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Abstract: Objective To explore the characteristics of surface electromyographic(sEMG)of lower back muscles and its correlation with time load and bending times during bending operation of reinforcement workers in plateau tunnel. Methods Four male steel fixers in a plateau tunnel were selected,the sEMG of their right and left erector spinal muscles during normal operation in real time using a surface electromyograph,the characteristics of time domain index root mean square(RMS)and frequency domain index mean frequency(MF)of their bending movement with load and their correlation with time and bending times were analyzed. Results The results showed that the RMSs of left and right erector spinal muscles of these four steel fixers were all strengthened with the increase of time and bending times;the correlation coefficients between RMS of the left erector spinal muscles and the time were 0.663,0.717,0.771 and 0.478 respectively,which were statistically significant(P<0.01)except for No.4 worker,the correlation coefficients between RMS of the right erector spinal muscles and the time were 0.908,0.488,0.782 and 0.929 respectively,which were statistically significant(P<0.01)except for No.2 worker;the correlation coefficients between RMS of the left erector spinal muscles and the bending times were 0.754,0.743,0.788 and 0.529 respectively,which were statistically significant(P<0.01)except for No.4 worker,the correlation coefficients between RMS of right erector spinal muscles and the bending times were 0.796,0.456,0.778 and 0.877 respectively,which were statistically significant(P<0.01)except for No.2 worker. The MFs of left and right erector spinal muscles of the workers were all reduced with the increase of time and bending times,the correlation coefficients between MF of the left erector spinal muscles and the time were -0.522,-0.904,-0.806 and -0.493 respectively,were statistically significant(P<0.01)except for No.4 worker;the correlation coefficients between MF of the right erector spinal muscles and the time were -0.577,-0.873,-0.524 and -0.836 respectively,were all statistically significant(P<0.01);additionally,the correlation coefficients between MF of the left erector spinal muscles and the bending times were -0.486,-0.819,-0.813 and -0.414 respectively,which were statistically significant(P<0.01)except for No.4 worker;while the correlation coefficients between MF of the right erector spinal muscles and the bending times were -0.516,-0.856,-0.515 and -0.801 respectively,which all were statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusion The results suggested that when the tunnel reinforcement workers bended down to work,the changes of the time domain index RMS and the frequency domain index MF of the left and right erector spinal muscles were related to the load of time and the times of bending,and the sEMG might be used as an objective method to evaluate the local muscle fatigue of field workers. |
Keywords: tunnel operation bending operation load fatigue surface electromyography(sEMG) |