摘 要: 通过对不同地区、不同行业职业女性的生育健康问题的调查,分析生育力下降的职业相关因素,探讨妇女生育保护的干预策略。方法 采用横断面调查的方法,在东部、中部、西部和北部地区分别选择医药卫生、石油化工、机械制造、冶金、铁路、教育和金融行业18~65岁的妇女开展本调查。结果 本次调查对象的平均年龄为(36.16±7.87)岁;工作中长时间坐姿的女工不孕率高于其他工作模式的女工,轮班作业(尤其是夜班轮班)与妇女不孕率存在相关性;不孕率地区排序:西部>中部>北部>东部,2~3年不孕率排序:西部>中部>东部>北部;金融、餐饮家政、冶金、石油化工、铁路行业不孕率较高,分别为29.5%、28%、27.41%、27.01%、26.90%;公务员、技术员、教师、一线工人不孕率依次为26.57%、26.24%、25.70%、25.32%。结论 妇女生育力受职业相关多种因素的影响,要从经济社会文化等多层面全面促进妇女身心健康。 |
关键词: 职业妇女 生育力 干预策略 |
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基金项目: 决策咨询类课题-妇女生殖健康和心理健康调查项目(编号FH20151101);社科基金人口学项目《现代职业模式对妇女生育力的影响及对策研究》(编号18BRK038) |
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Comparision on fertility issues of women with different professions and from different regions in China and intervention strategy |
DING Xu-hong*,Yu Wen-lan,SUN Ceng-ye,MEI Liang-ying,Ye Yan,ZHANG Heng-dong,ZOU Jian-fang
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Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102200,China
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Abstract: Through the survey on fertility issues of women with different profesions and from different regions of China, analyze the occupational related factors that influenced fertility, and discuss the intervention strategy of woman's reproductive health issues. Methods The cross-sectional method was used in the survey, the women surveyed with various professions such as medical science, petrochemistry, machinery manufacturing, metallurgy, railway, education and financial fields , and from the eastern, central, western and northern regions of China, respectively, their ages were between 18 and 65 years. Result The results showed that the average age of the objects was 36.16±7.87 years; the sterility rate in women with long-sitting posture during working was highest, and shift work (especially the night shift) was correlated with infertility rate; the regional ranking of sterility rate was western > middle > north > east, while 2-3 years sterility rate rank was western > middle > east > north; the sterility rate in women worked in fields of finance, catering and housekeeping, metallurgy, petrochemical and railway were higher (were 29.5%, 28%, 27.41%, 27.01% and 26.90%, respectively), the infertility rate in civil servant, technician, teacher and production-line worker were also higher, they were 26.57%, 26.24%, 25.70% and 25.32%, respectively. Conclusion The results suggested that woman's fertility was affected by occupation-related multiple factors, therefore, it is necessary that the comprehensive promotion of occupational woman's physical and mental health in an all-round way must be taken on the occupation-related economic, social and cultural various aspects. |
Keywords: occupational women fertility intervention strategy |