摘 要: 目的 探讨汽车4S店售后维修工人不良工作姿势对肌肉骨骼疾患的影响。方法 采用整群抽样方法,选择重庆市23家汽车4S店的171名售后维修工人作为研究对象,应用工作姿势分析系统(OWAS)方法对其不良工作姿势、负荷、姿势出现的百分比等进行现场调查和观测。结果 不良工作姿势集中在腿部,其次为背部。腿部以站立为主,其次为双腿屈曲站立;背部以前弯为主,其次为弯曲且扭转。研究对象需改善的行动等级占比达到84.2%,工种和身高对行动等级有影响。结论 汽车4S店绝大部分售后维修工人需改善不良工作姿势,部分工作姿势为严重危害行动等级,需立即采取相关改善措施。 |
关键词: 工作姿势分析系统(OWAS) 职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs) 汽车4S店 工效学 |
中图分类号: R68
文献标识码: A
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基金项目: 中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(项目号:131031109000150003);重庆市制造行业职业性肌肉骨骼损伤风险评估及工效学预防措施研究(项目号:2018MSXM016) |
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Application of OWAS in evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders among after-sales maintenance workers in automobile 4S shops |
LI Xiao-ping,WANG Zhong-xu,WANG Xiao-xi,DENG Hua-xin,CHEN Feng-qiong,ZHANG Hua-dong,CAO Lei
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Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 404000,China
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Abstract: Objective To investigate the influence of bad working posture on musculoskeletal disorders among after-sales maintenance workers in automobile 4S shops.Methods 171 after-sales maintenance workers in 23 automobile 4S shops were selected as the research objects using cluster sampling method in Chongqing city,and Ovako working posture analysis syste((OWA))method was used for observing the poor working posture,work load and their percentages of occurrence.Results The results showed that the bad working postures were concentrated in the legs,followed by the back;the bad working postures of legs was mainly standing,followed by standing with legs bent;and the back were mainly bent forward,followed by bending and twisting.84.2% of the subjects needed to improve their action level,and work type and height had impact on the action level.Conclusion The results suggested that most of the after-sales maintenance workers of automobile 4S shops need to improve their poor working postures,and few working postures have seriously harmful and need immediate action. |
Keywords: Ovako working posture analysis system(OWAS) work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) automobile 4S shops ergonomics |