摘 要: 目的 探讨电网企业职工工作需求-自主(JDC)模式、付出-回报失衡(ERI)模式职业紧张与焦虑症状的相关性及影响因素。方法 采用整群随机抽样法,选取广东某电网企业972名职工作为研究对象,采用基本情况调查问卷、工作内容问卷(中文版)、ERI问卷(中文版)、焦虑自评量表对研究对象基本情况、职业紧张和焦虑症状现况进行调查。结果 JDC模式职业紧张检出率48.5%,ERI模式职业紧张检出率52.6%。焦虑症状检出率20.2%,不同年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、工龄及高温高空作业、视屏作业、吸烟、运动、睡眠时间的职工间焦虑症状得分的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有焦虑症状者工作需求、外在付出、内在投入得分均高于无焦虑症状者(P<0.05),自主程度、社会支持、回报得分均低于无焦虑症状者(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,JDC模式中年龄、文化程度、睡眠时间、视屏作业是焦虑症状的影响因素(P<0.05);ERI模式中文化程度、睡眠时间、视屏作业、职业紧张是焦虑症状的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 电网企业职工职业紧张和焦虑症状发生率均较高;文化程度低、睡眠时间短、视屏作业和ERI模式职业紧张均可增加发生焦虑症状的风险。 |
关键词: 工作需求-自主(JDC) 付出-回报失衡(ERI) 焦虑症状 电网企业 |
中图分类号: R395.6
文献标识码: A
|
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(81302387);广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2017B030314152);广东省自然科学基金(No.2019A1515011969);广东省医学科研基金(No.A2017227,No.A2019246);广州市科技计划项目(202002030031) |
|
Assessment on relationship between occupational stress and anxiety symptoms in employees of a power grid enterprise by two models |
LIU Bin,YAN Xue-hua,CHEN Hui-feng,LIANG Xue-ling,YU Shan-fa
|
Guangdong Provincial Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300,China
|
Abstract: Objective To explore the correlations between occupational stress and anxiety symptoms in employees of a power grid enterprise and their influencing factors with two models——job demand-control (JDC) and effort-reward imbalance (ERI). Methods A total of 972 employees from a power grid enterprise were selected by cluster sampling method, the Chinese versions of work content questionnaire, ERI questionnaire and anxiety self-assessment scale were used to investigate the general information and the present situation of occupational stress and anxiety symptoms in employees. Results The results showed that the detection rates of occupational stress were 48.5% and 52.6% in JDC mode and ERI mode, respectively. The detection rate of anxiety symptoms was 20.2%, there were significant differences in scores of anxiety symptoms among the employees with the differences at age, marital status, education level, working age, high temperature job and high altitude job, visual display terminals work, smoking habit, exercise and sleeping time (P<0.05); additionally, the scores of job demand, effort, and overcommitment in anxiety symptoms group were all higher than that of non-anxiety group, while the scores of autonomy degree, social support, and return were all lower than that of non-anxiety group (P<0.05). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the age, education level, sleeping time, and visual display terminals work were the influencing factors of anxiety symptoms in the JDC model (P<0.05), while the education level, sleeping time, visual display terminals work, and occupational stress were the influencing factors of anxiety symptoms in the ERI model (P<0.05). Conclusion The results suggested that the incidence rates of occupational stress and anxiety symptom in employees of power grid enterprises are higher, low education level, short sleeping time, visual display terminals work and occupational stress in ERI model may increase the risk of anxiety. |
Keywords: job demand-control (JDC) effort-reward imbalance (ERI) anxiety symptoms power grid enterprise |