| 摘 要: 目的 通过对近10年我国工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患（WMSDs）文献的统计分析，概要了解我国WMSDs的总体发病情况及不同职业、工种的患病情况，从而为该领域后续研究及WMSDs的防治提供参考。方法 对2011年1月—2020年12月中华医学会电子期刊数据库、中国知网资源总库、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊数据库和台湾学术期刊在线数据库正式发表的WMSDs研究文献数据进行统计学描述及差异性分析。结果 共纳入73篇WMSDs发病横断面研究的文献，行业主要涉及生产制造业、医疗卫生、公共管理与社会服务业及农业，研究对象68 096人，总体WMSDs年患病率为65.56%；WMSDs好发部位为腰部（41.15%）、颈部（40.56%）、肩部（35.20%）；不同行业、职业及工种WMSDs患病率及好发部位明显不同（P<0.01）。结论 结合不同行业、职业WMSDs发病的研究数据，可充分利用人体工效学分析，优化劳动者的作业环境，达到预防WMSDs保护作业人员职业健康的目的。 |
| 关键词: 工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患（WMSDs） 文献 好发部位 人体工效学 |
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中图分类号: R135；R68
文献标识码: A
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| 基金项目: 国家卫生健康委员会《工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患防治科普指南》 |
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| Literature analysis of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in China from 2011 to 2020 |
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LI Xiao，LI Shu-qiang，ZHANG Yan-lin，GUAN Li
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Department of Occupational Diseases，Peking University Third Hospital，Beijing 100191，China
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| Abstract: Objective Based on the statistical analysis of the literature on work-related musculoskeletal disorders（WMSDs）in China during recent 10 years，the general incidence situation of WMSDs in China and the prevalence of workers in different occupations and types of work were all understood，so as to provide some reference for the follow-up research in this field and the prevention and treatment of WMSDs. Methods Statistical description and difference analysis were performed on the data of WMSDs studies officially published in Chinese Medical Association Electronic Journal database，CNKI resource base，Wanfang Data Knowledge Service platform，VIP Chinese Scientific and Technological Journals database and Taiwan Academic Journals on line database from January 2011 to December 2020. Results A total of 73 cross-sectional studies on the incidence of WMSDs from 2011 to 2020 were included in this study，the industrials involved were mainly manufacturing，medical and health care，public administration，social services，and agriculture. 73 literatures involved 68 096 subjects， the overall annual prevalence of WMSDs was 65.56%， and the most common sites of WMSDs were waist（41.15%），neck（40.56%）and shoulder（35. 20%）；and the prevalence and predilection sites of WMSDs were significantly different among workers in different industri als，occupations and types of work（P<0.01）. Conclusion The results suggested that combined with the research data of the prevalence of WMSDs in different industries and occupations，the ergonomics could be fully utilized to optimize the working envi ronment，reaching the aim of preventing WMSDs and protecting occupational health of operators. |
| Keywords: work-related musculoskeletal disorders（WMSDs） literature predilection sites ergonomics |
